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Gay Lingo - 3249 Words

[pic] [pic] Gay Lingo Robby Nico Chua*, Arienne Isabelle Arce, Crissa Marie Candelaria, Patrice Carpio, John Jefferson Donggon, Lady Jessyka Guzman at Ruhvie Ann Pielago mula sa 1-9 ng Unibersidad ng Santo Tomas Kolehiyo ng Pagkalinga Sa patnubay ni Propesor Zendel Manaois Taruc, M. Ed I. Layunin Ang pag-aaral na ito ay may layuning magbigay ng batayang impormasyon tungkol sa gay lingo. Ito’y upang makadagdag ng impormasyon sa paggamit ng salita ng gay lingo sa mga pangungusap na naayon sa kanilang strakturang panggramatikal. Maliban dito, ang isa pang layunin ng pag-aaral na ito ay ang makapagdagdag ng mga karagdagang bagong termino sa mga nakalipas na mga pag-aaral. II. Panimula Sa pagdaan ng panahon, mapapansin†¦show more content†¦Ipinahayag ni Rubrico (n.d.), na ang bawat lipunan ay may ibat-ibang grupo na may ibat-ibang oryentasyon batay sa kanilang tungkulin na ginagampanan o katayuan at ang mga grupong ito ay may sari-sariling baryason ng wika. Ang baryasyon ng wika na batay sa katayuan ng speaker sa lipunan o sa lupon na kanyang kinabibilangan ay tinatawag na sosyolek. At sa depinisyong ito, masasabi natin na ang mga bakla, bilang isang grupo sa lipunan ay may sariling barasyon ng wika na sila lamang ang nakakaintindi. Binanggit ni Rubrico (n.d.) na ang lexicon ng isang wika ay nagsasaad ng uri ng pamumuhay at pananaw ng gumagamit nito, pati na rin ang mga bagay na pinahahalagahan nito. Sa kabilang banda, ang argot naman ay ang sikretong lenguahe na ginagamit ng iba’t ibang grupo upang maitago ang kanilang pinaguusapan (Wikipedia, 2009). Kung susumahin natin ang depinisyon ng lexicon at ilalapat sa kalagayan ng gay lingo , ang gay lingo ay mismong nagsasaad ng uri ng pamumuhay ng isang bakla at bilang isang argot, upang maitago ang kanilang ulayaw na pag-uusap at maprotektahan ang mga birheng tenga ng mga nasa paligid (Alba, 2009). C. Gay Lingo sa Midya at Akademya Ang mabilis na paglago ng komunikasyon ang isa sa mga nagbigay daan upang unti-unting matanggap ang panggamit ng gay lingo sa midya at akademya. Dahil din sa bilis ng paglaganap nito, pati ang ibang hindi homosekswal ay marunong na ngayong magsalita at kung hindi man ay umintindi ng gayShow MoreRelatedGay Lingo in the Philippine1420 Words   |  6 PagesCHAPTER I RESEARCH PROBLEM 1.1 Historical and Conceptual Background 1.2.1 Historical Background Filipino gay language or swardspeak language is a vernacular language derived from Englog (English- Tagalog) and is used by a number of gay Filipinos. It uses elements from Tagalong, English, Spanish, Niponggo, from celebrities’ names and signature brands hat giving a new context of this unique language. A unique trait of swardspeak is that it immediately identifies the speaker as homosexualRead MoreGay Lingo as a Form of Deviance1764 Words   |  8 PagesGAY LINGO AS A FORM OF INNOVATIVE DEVIANCE Sociology 101 Dr. Aleli Sevilla September 8, 2010 I. IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROBLEM AND HYPOTHESIS This paper aims to answer the following questions: 1. How did Gay Lingo evolve to become a form of innovative deviance? 2. Does the use of Gay Lingo by the society equate to the acceptance of homosexuals in the Philippines? The researchers have formulated the following hypotheses as preliminary answers to the questionsRead MoreWhy Do Students Speak Gay Lingo?1391 Words   |  6 PagesWhy do students speak Gay lingo? For Heterosexual students The aim of the speakers is to be au courant. Heterosexual students want to show that they are well-informed in this genre of speaking. They want to let people know that they also have the capacity to speak gay lingo eventhough they are not inside the world of the homosexual where it is spoken. Also, their intention is to be modern. Since social media has made swardspeak popular, students are exposed to it and thus influencing them to useRead MoreThere s No Escaping By Clownpants Molina2089 Words   |  9 Pageswas not just a Latino trying to fit in, but a gay Latino. Molina introduces himself to his new school wearing â€Å"pink things with wide pockets†¦a brass shiny zipper†. Research indicates that the color pink, is closely associated with the gay culture. (Pinknews.com, Axelrod) This young man moves in to a new neighborhood â€Å"straight† from the barrio, for a better life. He is coming from a place with a culture that is just beginning to accept the concept of gays as anything more than a â€Å"closeted† issue. InRead MoreJejemon and Bekimon1147 Words   |  5 PagesThe Disadvantage, Advantage and Effect of using Non-standard Lingos: Jejemon, Bekimon vs. English Language Jonalyn Barrera Gerald Llaban Princess Lemence Geraldine Lopez Katherine Anne Villaluna Global City Innovative College English II N-112 February 01, 2011 Submitted to: Ms. Mildred Tallorin Chapter I: Introduction ABSTRACT: This study covers the Non-Standard Lingos vs. the English language; the effects, advantages and disadvantages of it. The studyRead MoreNeologisms and Morphological Analysis of Gay Language1236 Words   |  5 PagesNEOLOGISMS AND MORHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF GAY LANGUAGE OF STUDENTS IN SURIGAO DEL SUR STATE UNIVERSITY S.Y. 2015-2016 A Concept Paper Presented to Maria Lady Sol A. Suazo, Ph.D, Instructor Surigao Del Sur State University Tandag City In partial fulfillment Of the requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in English JOSIE ALNGOG NICOLE HOPE ARIO CRISLER ATIBULA RUBELLE HOPE BANTAYAN JANUARY 2016 INTRODUCTION The language of gays known as gayspeak has now earnedRead MoreEmilys Rose Essay652 Words   |  3 PagesI don’t believe Homer Barron sees Emily as a potential mate. I think he felt sorry for her and was only being kind out of pity. As stated, â€Å"He was not a marrying man† and â€Å"remarked he himself liked men.† I believe Homer Barron is gay, and to put it simply in today’s lingo, he’s a player. One can infer that Miss Emily heard the talk around town, small towns and gossip go hand in hand, about Home’s sexuality. I believe this is where the demented intensions arouse. I think when Homer returned to EmilyRead MoreDating As A Stage Of Romantic And Sexual Relationships Essay1948 Words   |  8 Pagesare becoming more and more public, which is leading to a more tolerant behaviors towards it. Kids are even learning earlier now what it means to be â€Å"gay† or a lesbian. I remember I learned what it was to be a lesbian my first year of junior high, but my little brother at the tender age of ten is already able to explain to me what it means to be gay. However, this is a relatively new development as in 1962 Illinois became the first state to decriminalize homosexual acts between consulting adults inRead MoreMedia Portrayal of Transgender Characters Essay example964 Words   |  4 Pagesprostitution among many other degrading consequences of being trans. This idea has stuck and is more likely to be portrayed in media when it comes to assigning roles for transgender characters. There are many shows that contain anti-transgender lingo and negative categorizations. A few examples of some of the cruel portrayals include: Rebecca Romijn played the first recurring trans character on Ugly Betty in 2007 on ABC. She was a scheming, lying and conniving woman. She went from â€Å"behind-the-scenesRead MoreThe Relationship Between Feminist And Queer Theory Essay1907 Words   |  8 Pagesthat our country just elected a man into presidency that said he can just â€Å"grab women by the pussy† and â€Å"when you’re a star they let you do anything† (referring to women as objects). This typical patriarchal lingo is exactly what the feminist theory tries to combat, citing that this type of lingo is detrimental to gender equality and should not be used to fuel the fire of feeding an already pro-male anti-female society. Queer theory highlight much of the same core principles as the feminist theory

Eldrick Tiger Woods, now 28 years of age, has had an amazing career since becoming a professional golfer in the late summer of 1996 Essay Example For Students

Eldrick Tiger Woods, now 28 years of age, has had an amazing career since becoming a professional golfer in the late summer of 1996 Essay Ronald Dahl wrote Lamb To the Slaughter. Arthur Conan Doyle wrote the Speckled Band. Both stories are both murders, but differ in many ways. The author Ronald Dahl is more associated with children stories such as James and the Giant Peach being one of many. Arthur C Doyle is well known because he is the author of the famous Sherlock Holmes, murder, and mystery novels. The Speckled Band is a Sherlock Holmes plot. You know from the beginning it is a murder mystery. With a plot, weapon and victims. It is very descriptive, as it describes the rooms in detail so it can be visualised, as though you are actually seeing it. Sherlock Holmes is known for catching his man. The suspense in these novels is trying to work out who has committed the crime. It is written in the 19th century, and it is using grammar that is concurrent with that era. Lamb to the Slaughter gives the suggestion of murder through the title of the novel. It is a suspense novel, as in you cant guess what will happen next or whether the murder will be caught. It also has a sense of humour wove into it. This novel is set in the modern 20th century and can be seen by the grammar used and also the fact that cars are used in the narrative writing. The Speckled Band is a pre-conceived murder plot in that it is pre-planned, well thought through. Lamb to the Slaughter wasnt pre-planned it happens because of a domestic argument, but the events after the murder are calculated and well planned in a rather sick way. The murders in the novels are very difficult. In Lamb to the Slaughter Mrs Maloney is portrayed as a diligent housewife. She is happy and contented with domestic life; she is also pregnant. She is quiet and peaceful, happy to cook, clean and sew. She was happy to look after the house and her husband. An example of this is Darling, shall I get your slippers? When he tells her he wants to leave her, her personality changes, like when you switch a light switch off. She uses the leg of lamb that she has just taken from the freezer for dinner as the murder weapon. She uses all her force and smashes it down on the back of her husband head. She has killed her husband in a fit of rage. But she shows no remorse or regret. She proves she has conceived a plan now as she goes to the grocers shop. This gives her an alibi on her return she phones the police. She in the meantime reapplies makeup and practises her smile and behaviour with the aid of a mirror. She is calculating and cold in her manners. She then proceeds to cook the leg of lamb and whilst the police are there, she offers them dinner. She wasnt really a suspect and the murder weapon is eaten. Her cold personality is shown at the end when the policemen are eating their meal discussing that the evidence could be under their noses and she laughs. In the Speckled Band, it is more typical as in the murderer fits the part. The author describes the killer as A large face, seared with thousands wrinkles, burned yellow by the sun and marked with every evil passion, was turned from one too the other of us, while his deep set, bile shot eyes and the high thin fleshiness nose, gave him somewhat the resemblance to a fierce old bird of prey. He is portrayed as an unhinged man as in he is unbalanced in his mind, big and strong, violent and moody yet he is also very clever. His murders are pre-conceived and well thought through. .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a , .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a .postImageUrl , .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a , .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a:hover , .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a:visited , .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a:active { border:0!important; } .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a:active , .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0c536b40425497892b040fd11c492a3a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Restaurant proposal EssayThis is shown in the way he killed his stepdaughters so he wouldnt have to pay a dowry on there marriage. The murder weapon in this novel was an exotic snake. In Lamb to the Slaughter the victim is a policeman. Hes portrayed as being molly-coddled, his wife being more like a mother than a wife. As in shes at his beck and call. He feels suffocated by her affections and care. His conversation when he returns from work indicates that he has something that he wants to tell her that is important. He is off-hand with her telling her he doesnt want dinner and to sit down. It never stated why he wants to leave it is left up to the readers own conclusions. The author shows now the husband is stressed by his short sentences and the wording he uses, his description of a little muscle moving near the corner of his left eye and also but there neednt really be any fuss. I hope not anyway. It wouldnt be good for my job. In Speckled Band the victim is quite stereotypical of a victim in that they are weak, defenceless, scared and distraught, her face all drawn and grey, with restless eyes, like those of a frightened animal. There is also a second victim not a lot is wrote regarding her apart from the fact that she is Helen Stoners sister and they way in which she dies which is repeated through out the novel. In both novels they are police, again they portrayed in different ways. In Lamb to the Slaughter there are numerous policeman, they are depicted as slightly stupid, as they fail to question the wife thoroughly or look for the weapon, they even have an empathy with her. They do check out her alibi and when it is proved true she is dismissed. They show their stupidity by way that at the table as they are eating they say that the weapon has to be under there noses, which of course it is. In Speckled Band it is Sherlock Holmes and Watson who are the police. Sherlock Holmes is renown for having good problem solving techniques, an insight into the criminal mind. He has solved numerous murders from using these techniques. He also has a knowledge of how the victims travelled which is shown when he states You had a good drive in a dog-cart he shows now he know this information by going on to say There is no mystery my dear Madam. The left arm of your jacket is splattered with mud. There is no vehicle save a dogcart, which throws mud in that way. In the Lamb to the Slaughter Mary gets away with the murder. She gives the impression of putting on a brave face on the situation, making the best of it. Her breaking point to commit the murder of her husband was the fact he wanted to leave her. In Speckled Band Dr Roylott kills his stepdaughters for money. His wife dies and leaves him with an inheritance and two stepdaughters. He plots to murder them so he wont have to pay a dowry when they get married. So he keeps the wealth himself. What he doesnt expect is the murder weapon that he used to actually kill him. This is what I would class a just desserts. I enjoyed Lamb to the Slaughter the best as it is set in modern times and quite funny. The grammar was easier to read and understand and you also had an empathy with the two main characters. The Speckled Band had good description but wasnt as easy to read as the grammar used was significant of the 19th century when it was written. Previous123

Swot Analysis Of Dell Computer Essay Example For Students

Swot Analysis Of Dell Computer Essay SWOT analysis of Dell ComputersHistory:The company was founded in 1984 by Michael Dell, now the computer industrys longest-tenured chief executive officer, on a simple concept: that by selling personal computer systems directly to customers, Dell could best understand their needs, and provide the most effective computing solutions to meet those needs. Today, Dell is enhancing and broadening the fundamental competitive advantages of the direct model by increasingly applying the efficiencies of the Internet to its entire business. Company revenue for the last four quarters totaled $19.9 billion. Through the direct business model, Dell offers in-person relationships with corporate and institutional customers; telephone and Internet purchasing (the latter now exceeding $18 million per day); customized computer systems; phone and online technical support; and next-day, on-site product service. Dell arranges for system installation and management, guides customers through technology transitions, and provides an extensive range of other services. The company designs and customizes products and services to the requirements of the organizations and individuals purchasing them, and sells an extensive selection of peripheral hardware and computing software. Nearly two-thirds of Dells sales are to large corporations, government agencies and educational institutions. Dell also serves medium and small businesses and home-PC users. Dells Unique Direct Model:Dells award-winning customer service, industry-leading growth and consistently strong financial performance differentiate the compan y from competitors for the following reasons: Price for Performance With the industrys most efficient procurement, manufacturing and distribution process, Dell offers its customers powerful, richly configured systems at competitive prices. Customization Every Dell system is built to order. Customers get exactly what they want. Reliability, Service and Support Dell uses knowledge gained from direct customer contact before and after the sale to provide award-winning reliability and tailored customer service. Latest Technology Dell introduces the latest relevant technology much more quickly than companies with slow-moving indirect distribution channels. Dell turns over inventory every six days on average, keeping related costs low. Superior Shareholder Value During the last four quarters, the value of Dell common stock nearly doubled. From 1996 through 1998, Dell was the top-performing stock among the Standard Poors 500. Internet LeadershipSales via Dells Web site surpassed $18 m illion per day during early 1999, accounting for 30 percent of overall revenue. The companys application of the Internet to other parts of the business including procurement, customer support and relationship management is approaching the same 30-percent rate. The companys Web received 25 million visits at more than 50 country-specific sites last quarter. Timeline:1984 Michael Dell founds Dell Computer Corporation1985 Company introduces the first PC of its own design: the Turbo, featuring Intel 8088 processor running at eight megahertz1987 Dell is first PC company to offer next-day, on-site product service International expansion begins with opening of subsidiary in United Kingdom1988 To better meet unique customer needs, Dell begins to organize business around distinct customer segments Dell conducts initial public offering of company stock, 3.5 million shares at $8.50 each1990 Manufacturing center in Limerick, Ireland, opened to serve European, Middle Eastern and African markets1 991 Company introduces its first notebook PC1992 Dell included for first time among Fortune 500 roster of worlds largest companies1993 Dell joins ranks of the top-five PC makers worldwide Subsidiaries in Australia and Japan are companys first entries into Asia-Pacific region1995 Original $8.50 shares of Dell stock worth $100 on presplit basis 1996 Asia-Pacific manufacturing center in Penang, Malaysia, opened Customers begin buying Dell computers via Internet at www.dell.com Dell begins major push into network-server market Company added to Standard Poors 500 stock index1997 Company sales via Internet reach $1 million per day Dell ships its 10-millionth computer system Per-share value of common stock reaches $1,000 on presplit basis Dell introduces its first workstation systems1998 Company expands manufacturing facilities in the Americas and Europe, and opens production and customer center in Xiamen, China Dell introduces PowerVault storage products 1999 Dell opens www.gigabuys.com, an online computer-related superstore Sales via Internet exceed $18 million per dayIndustry OutlookWhile the personal-computing market has expanded dramatically since the 1970s, Dell believes that the industrys best days and its own are yet to come, for two broad reasons. First, the stream of software and hardware innovation from companies such as Microsoft Corp. and Intel Corp. is rapid and robust, and is sharply increasing system performance and reducing the relative cost of computing. For example, in February 1982, Intel introduced its 286 chip, which was capable of processing 2.66 million instructions per second, or MIPS, at a clock speed of 12 million cycles per second, or megahertz. Todays Intel Pentium II processors are capable of considerably more than 600 MIPS at 450 megahertz, and the sharp upward development trend is expected to continue. Second, while computer performance is going up, the relative cost of computing computer prices per MIPS has steadily declined, encoura ging new computer users and more rapid PC replacement. Customers, in turn, are using those savings to buy even more powerful, more richly configured systems. As processor transitions and expected cost reductions continue, many industry analysts foresee worldwide industry volume growth at a compound annual rate of 15 to 20 percent annually over the next three years. Meanwhile, the Internet is becoming more integrated into daily life: businesses rely on the Internet for commerce and real-time information exchange; customers go online to shop, bank and conduct personal correspondence; and students from grade schools through college use the Internet as an educational tool. From servers that power the Internet connection, to desktops and notebooks that efficiently and effectively provide the interface, to workstations used to develop digital content, the ability to provide products and services that enable Internet access and enhance the online experience will be vital for companies in t he computer systems industry. Development of the Direct ModelDell is continuously refining its direct approach to manufacturing, selling and servicing personal-computing systems. The company is committed to extending the advantages inherent in what is already the industrys most efficient business model. Current Dell initiatives include moving even greater volumes of product sales, service and support to the Internet; using the Internet to improve the efficiency of Dells procurement, manufacturing and distribution process; and further expanding an already broad range of value-added services. By taking its direct business model and its associated customer experience to even higher levels, through the Internet and value-added services, Dell intends to continue to grow its business at a multiple of the high-growth rate anticipated for the computer-systems industry as a whole. Dell still has significant opportunity for expansion in all parts of the world, especially in markets outside of the U.S.; in all customer segments; and in all product categories, ranging from home PCs to enterprise products, such as network servers and workstations. .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9 , .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9 .postImageUrl , .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9 , .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9:hover , .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9:visited , .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9:active { border:0!important; } .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9:active , .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9 .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubf11448432b0c2e64d27ef7569d610a9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Private Cable TV Essay We will write a custom essay on Swot Analysis Of Dell Computer specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Mission Statement: Dells mission is to be the most successful computer company in the world at delivering the best customer experience in markets we serve. In doing so, Dell will meet customer expectations of: Highest quality Leading technology Competitive pricing Individual and company accountability Best-in-class service and support Flexible customization capability Superior corporate citizenship Financial stability Objectives: To achieve market share of 14% by year 2002 worldwide. Continue expansion of server and storage products. Continue to maintain low costs decrease each year by 1%. Establish global brand recognition. SWOT Analysis:StrengthsNo inventory buildupIndustry leading growthCost efficiencyDirect to customer business model latest technologyCustomizationInternet sales leadership $5M worth of products everydayWeaknessesNo proprietary technologyHigh dependency on component suppliersOpportunitiesNetwork-internet, intranet and extranetStrong potential market in Europe, China and IndiaLow costs and advanced technologyGrowth in business, education and government marketsThreatsCompetition (price and market share)Currency fluctuation in countries outside the USPolitical instabilityTariff trade barriersMarketing StrategiesMajor customers: large corporations, government agencies and medical and educational institutions to small business and individuals. Strategy: Multinational corporate customersMarketing Essays

Coventry Canal essays

Coventry Canal essays All the sources prove that life was very hard for boatees on British Canals in the 19th Century. I have been given five sources, I will examine them and use my own knowledge to prove how accurate the statement above is. Firstly, source one is a census return of the boats and who lived on them. This source proves that life was hard because the barges had big accommodation with large families but they were only 6ft by 9ft. It was very hard for families that big to live in barges this small. Second is source two. A poster of a Coventry canal caution. The steerer of a boat, Henry Woodward, tried to Invade the Toll, Payable to the Coventry canal company but did not succeed in doing this. This source proves that it was hard to live on a canal in the 19th century because if Woodward was invading the canal, then I could not have been easy living in conditions which included crime and invasion. I cannot find any other evidence in this source. Now I am onto source three, a photo of a family with six members, who probably all lived on the same boat. The two adults (both women) and four children dont look very wealthy and look very sad, depressed. This source proves the statement because it is a family which obviously, lives on a boat which isnt big enough for them all to live in. Source 4 is a campaign about childrens health and safety on the canal. This source proves life was hard because of the same reason as source three, there is not enough room in the boats for a big family. Children should not have to sleep on tables, in cupboards and under a bed, they need there own space to grow up in. ...

Words with the Suffixes -ance and -ence

Words with the Suffixes -ance and -ence Words with the Suffixes -ance and -ence Words with the Suffixes -ance and -ence By Maeve Maddox One of our readers asks if there is a rule for knowing when to write ence and when to write ance at the ends of words such as: affluence, eloquence, essence, influence, insurgence and ambulance, clairvoyance, finance, ignorance, nuisance In a priority list for English spelling reform, the spellings ence and ance, ent and ant, surely deserve a place near the top. Both ance and ence derive ultimately from Latin endings spelled entia and antia. Before the Sixteenth Century when English scholars busied themselves trying to make English spelling and grammar conform to the logic of Latin, some words that had already entered the language spelled with -ance were altered to ence. NOTE: The silent b came into the word debt at this time. In Middle English the word was usually spelled det or dette, rarely debte. The reforming scholars decided that since the word came from Latin debitum, it needed the b. As for knowing when to write -ence and when to write -ance, I believe that this is a case in which observation and practice offer the best solution. A spell checker can also help. A website called Everything2 formulates several rules for the ence/-ance, -ent/-ant spellings, but the multiplicity of rules and exceptions would seem to demand more mental exertion than simply memorizing the words one has trouble with. I was taught to attach what my teacher called a spelling pronunciation to words that do not sound the way they are spelled. For example, I have no trouble spelling chihuahua because I think /chI hoo-a hoo-a/. The same goes for words in ence and ance, ent and ant. I look at the word and emphasize the ending in my head: de fen DANT, prev a LENT. Do this often enough and the correct spelling will enter your long term memory. CAUTION: Some danger may attach to the use of mental spelling pronunciations: they may slip into your speech. Ive heard more than one TV lawyer pronounce /de fen dent/ as /de fen DANT/. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Mostly Small But Expressive InterjectionsTen Yiddish Expressions You Should KnowInspiring vs. Inspirational

Human Resource Management Concepts based on Case Study

Human Resource Management Concepts based on - Case Study Example This is generally known as person specification (Preston, 2011). It includes the minimum requirements with respect to skills, qualifications, attributes and personality traits deemed suitable for the job. Any non conformity to this description or any deviation in the actual requirements may lead to mismatch in the aspirations of the applicants and finally leads to increased turnover. The second step of selection and recruitment process is the interview and test (Preston, 2011). These are basically used to determine the qualititative and quantitative aptitude of the applicants and understanding the fitness of the applicant in the organizational culture. This policy is quite important as it tests the fitness of the candidate in the workplace and ultimately leads to reduced turnover when the candidate is a perfect fit. This also gives candidates a chance to understand the job requirements and helps them evaluate the suitability of the job for themselves (Rees and Smith, 2014). Thus such a recruitment policy where both employers and prospective employees understand the each other leads to reduction in turnover rates. Thus staff turnover is highly affected by the type of recruitment and selection methods that a company uses. The recruitment and selection policies of the organizations should be so designed so as to ensure the matching of the aspiration of the employees at the same time must be profitable for the employer too. There are several advantages of recruiting new employees through the job experience day. The first advantage being that this approach helps new applicants understand the job requirements better through hands on experience of the job. In a traditional interview or test type format where the candidates can only imagine the type of job they are applying based solely on the job description provided (Preston, 2011), in the

Qulaity curriculum - review plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Qulaity curriculum - review plan - Assignment Example Also, the parents showed concern about the education that was being provided since it was not equipping the children to the level of learning that they should have before starting school. This required that the center investigates into the education that is being provided to the 4 years old as they prepare for transition to school. The focus of the review was framed into a question. Why are children not conforming to the recommended level of learning for school-starters and what measures can be taken to bolster the learning and moral development of the children? The guiding principles, as proposed by the Ministry of Education, define and give a framework for ECE centers to work upon. One of the principles maps out the role of the educators and administrators of ECE centers throughout the country. The principle states that, â€Å"Educators will develop and implement curriculum which assists all children to grow up as competent and confident learners and communicators, healthy in mind, body and spirit, secure in their sense of belonging and in the knowledge that they make a valued contribution to society† (The New Zealand Gazette, 1996). This entails that the educators make an analysis of the environment in which the children study and provide â€Å"resources to support the needs of each child and to facilitate quality curriculum and interactions† (The New Zealand Gazette, 1996). The educators must be trained to understand the motivations and thinking of four year old children and should engage in a process to improve curriculum programs. The desirable objectives and practices (DOPs) also require that educators implement a curriculum should â€Å"reflect the holistic way that children learn† (The New Zealand Gazette, 1996). Moreover the ECE center should aim to â€Å"enhance children’s sense of themselves as capable people and competent learners† (The New Zealand Gazette, 1996). The self-review will help the center

The similarities in the feelings of males and females Essay Example for Free

The similarities in the feelings of males and females Essay The similarities in the feelings of males and females towards sexuality rest on the common external influences, especially socio-cultural factors (Greenberg, Bruess Conklin, 2007) that distinguish male and female sexuality. The common exposure to gender roles (Greenberg et al., 2007) creates a common feeling towards sexuality in terms of acceptance of their assigned roles when there is no strong alternative. Family expectations (Greenberg et al., 2007) also comprise a common influence on the feelings of males and females towards sexuality. The family structure, with close links to gender roles, operates to train males and females towards the appropriate attitudes and behavior for their respective genders. Males become breadwinners and females take on domestic responsibility. Ethnic norms (Greenberg et al., 2007) also determine the feelings of males and females towards sexuality in terms of adherence to their place and roles in the home and the wider community as part of their ethnic identity. Media influence (Greenberg et al., 2007) is a common influence on the attitudes of males and females towards sexuality expressed in socialization. The difference in the feelings of males and females towards sexuality depend on the internal factors, particularly biological and psychological factors (Greenberg et al., 2007). Both males and females experience similar exposure to socio-cultural factors but biological factors such as genetic chromosomes and sex hormones (Greenberg et al., 2007) account for differences in feelings toward sexuality. The predominance of testosterone in males accounts for greater tendencies towards aggression (Greenberg et al., 2007) relative to females. Biological developments also give rise to differences in physiological development that influence different drives and perspectives of sexuality. Concurrent psychological factors influence differences in emotions and mentality of males and females towards sexuality. The genders can bridge these differences by challenging socio-cultural factors that no longer or never reflected gender realities, exchanging feedback on their feelings towards sexuality, and negotiating change in perspectives. Reference Greenberg, J. S., Bruess, C. E., Conklin, S. C. (2007). Exploring the dimensions of human sexuality. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

Simon: The Unexpected DJ :: Personal Narrative Writing

Simon: The Unexpected DJ Driving up Route 9 towards Poughkeepsie in a snow storm was not something I wanted to do. The time itself—an hour’s drive—was elongated by the pretty, but dangerous, falling snow. As my Beetle and I plowed up through Fishkill and made our way to the town of Poughkeepsie, I started getting nervous. I would be interviewing a real live DJ! Since I was a child I had always loved music and the radio. I remember leaping up onto my kitchen counter and perching there, anxiously listening to who would be crowned Number One that week on the Top 40. Or I would be in my cool, newly-furnished bedroom listening to the most-requested five-song countdown on Monday and Wednesday evenings at 8pm. For this assignment, I had emailed local rock and alternative radio station WRRV, explaining my situation and asking if there was a DJ interested in having a 30 minute interview with me. The next day, Simon emailed me back saying he’d like to take me up on that offer. I was to drive up to WRRV and we would conduct the interview in the station in two weeks time. I remember that on the night before the interview I was driving home from Pace, and I was able to clearly receive WRRV (unusual, as the station is normally out-of-range at that location)—and I heard Simon on the radio. How exciting it was, to know that I would be talking to him the very next day! So there I was, thundering (or carefully maneuvering) my way up Route 9. After a quick stop at the local police station to re-orient myself (as I missed a left turn), I pulled into the small parking lot of the small, two-story, stucco-and-shingled building with an enormous satellite dish on it. I double-checked my questions, made sure my recorder was working, and headed in. I sat in the small waiting area as the secretary went to fetch Simon. Palms sweaty, I rubbed them on my jeans to calm myself and let out a little nervous energy. â€Å"Melissa? I’m Simon. Nice to meet you.† A hand stretched out before me, and I rose to shake it. Simon, The Voice From The Radio, was a normal guy! He was taller than me, of medium build, had short, cropped hair, and a welcoming smile.

Taste the Gustatory System

The Enlightenment is an era where intellectuals movement in culture changed the way people viewed the world around them, during a time when Londoner saw their city become engulf in flames on the morning of 2 September, 1666. Strong winds coming from the east quickly caused the fire to spread, some 300 houses were burning at rapid amount of time†; the event once described as â€Å"London was, but is no more. â€Å"(Assayer 2nd peg. 766) Not only had the flames taken most of what Landowner's had lilt, it also came on the heels of a great plague that claimed thousands of lives earlier.Over the course of the next century, London would raise from its ashes and proper as city its known today, as one writer would be quoted saying: â€Å"London is the Centre to which almost all the individuals who fill the upper and middle ranks of society are successively attracted (Assayer 2nd De. peg. 766). Over the course of time, in what some might say the end of the Civil War, one very importa nt issue still stood: ND that was â€Å"how to best govern the nation. â€Å"(Assayer 2nd peg. 68) Thomas Hobbes work had lead him to voice concern that people worry about two things In particular- the fear that someone could take their lives and the grittiness of individuals and their need of empowerment, for that the government role is to see that no such thing happen. But not all agreed with what Thomas Hobbes was teaching; John Locke argued that people are At birth the human mind Is at a untaught state and that over time our surroundings and

Antibiotic Sensitivity Lab

Antibiotic Sensitivity lab A. Define the term selectively toxic. Why is it an important feature of antimicrobial agents? Selective toxicity is the ability of a chemical or drug to kill a microorganism without harming its host. Selective toxicity is important to microbial agents because it enables these agents to inhibit or kill a microorganism by interacting with microbial functions or structures different from those of the host thereby showing little or no effect to the host. B. What are broad and narrow spectrum antimicrobials? What are the pros and cons of each?Broad spectrum antimicrobials are drugs that are effective against a wide variety of both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Narrow spectrum antimicrobials are effective only against gram negative bacteria. Pros and cons of each: Narrow spectrum microbial is normally better to use because they cause less damage to the body's normal flora. They are less likely to cause drugs resistant strains of microorganisms because they are specific in nature and are less likely to cause super infection by opportunistic microorganisms like yeast infections.The main disadvantages are that Narrow spectrum microbial sometimes is more prone to allergic reaction to the host. Broad spectrum antimicrobials on the other hand also have their own advantages in that they are able to deal with more than one kind of bacteria and as such one does not have to use drugs indiscriminately reducing chances of allergic reactions and drug toxicity. The main disadvantage is that they cause more harm to the body's normal flora. C. What is direct selection? Direct selection is the selection of antibiotic-resistant normal floras in an individual whenever this individual is given an antibiotic.This process is normally accelerated significantly by either improper use or the overuse of antibiotics. D. What is the difference between an antibiotic and an antimicrobial chemical? Antibiotics are substances that are produced as metabolic pro ducts of one Microorganism which are able to inhibit or kill other microorganisms. Antimicrobial chemicals are chemicals that are synthesized in a laboratory and can be used therapeutically on microorganisms. E. What is the mode of action for each of the following: a. acitracin: works by inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis in actively dividing bacteria which normally results in osmotic lysis. b. nystatin: exerts its antifungal activity by binding to ergosterol found in fungal cell membranes. Binding to ergosterol causes the formation of pores in the membrane. Potassium and other cellular constituents leak from the pores causing cell death. c. tetracycline: exert their bacteriostatic effect by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. This antibiotic prevents transfer-RNA (tRNA) molecules from binding to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes. . ciprofloxin: Contains agents that inhibit one or more enzymes in the DNA synthesis pathway F. Describe three mechanisms by which microbes mig ht become resistant to the action of an antimicrobial drug? Microbes may become resistant by producing enzymes that will detoxify or inactivate the antibiotic such as penicillinase and other beta-lactamases. Microbes may also alter the target site in the bacterium to reduce or block binding of the antibiotic in the process producing a slightly altered ribosomal subunit that still functions but to which the drug can't bind.Microbes may also prevent the transport of the antimicrobial agent into the bacterium thereby producing an altered cytoplasmic membrane or outer membrane. G. Why do you think neglecting to finish a prescribed course of antibiotics might contribute to the rise of antibiotic resistance? If you don't finish the medication, all the bacteria causing the infection may not be killed. Then, the infection could come back in that same place or even show up somewhere else. When the bacteria are undertreated, some of them may have enough time to have these mistakes occur in th eir DNA.Then, when they multiply, you get a bunch of bacteria that no longer respond to the antibiotics. H. What is a tube dilution test? How is it used to determine susceptibility? Tube dilution test is one of the tests that can be used to tell which antimicrobial agent is most likely to combat a specific pathogen. This test is conducted by preparing a series of culture tubes where each tube contains a liquid medium and a different concentration of an antimicrobial agent. These tubes are then inoculated with the test organism and then incubated. After the incubation they are examined for growth.I. Define the following: a. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC): this is the lowest concentration of antimicrobial agent that is capable of preventing growth of the organism undergoing the tube dilution test b. Zone of Inhibition: this is the area surrounding the high potency disk of a chemotherapeutic agent where growth is inhibited in an agar diffusion test. J. What were the results of the Kirby-Bauer test for S. epidermidis? S. epidermidis was sensitive to Novobiacin S. epidermidis was resistant to Penicillin S. epidermidis was intermediate in the case of Gentamicin

Ulysses S. Grant Essays - Ulysses S. Grant, Julia Grant, Galena

Ulysses S. Grant Essays - Ulysses S. Grant, Julia Grant, Galena Ulysses S. Grant Ulysses S. Grant rose to command all the Federal armies in the Civil War and lead them to victory. He was respected so much that he went on to be president of the United States for two terms. His time of glory didn't last forever though, he developed cancer and died bankrupt. Ulysses Hiram Grant was born April 27, 1822, in a two room frame house at Point Pleasant, Ohio(Ulysses S. Grant 1). His father, Jesse Root Grant, was foreman in a tannery and a farmer. His mother, Hannah Simpson Grant, was a hard working frontier woman. When Ulysses was a year old, the family moved to Georgetown. There his father bought a farm, built a house, and set up his own tannery. Jesse and Hannah had five more children there, two boys and three girls(Ulysses S. Grant 1). Grant love horses and learned to manage them at an early age. When he was seven or eight he could drive a team and began hauling all the wood used in the house and shops. From that point on until he reached seventeen, Grant did all the work done with horses; such as breaking up the land, furrowing, plowing corn, bringing in the crops when harvested, and hauling wood(Ulysses S. Grant 1). Three months each winter when work was minimized Grant went to a one room schoolhouse, and that's how he was educated until he went to West Point at age seventeen. When Grant turned seventeen, his father got him an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point. The congressman who made the appointment did not know Grants' full name, so he left out Hiram and added Simpson. Simpson, was Grants', mothers' maiden name(Ulysses S. Grant 1). He was pleased with his new name because he disliked his old initials H.U.G. Cadet Grant did not care for military life and never expected to stay in the army. He was good in mathematics and hoped sometime to teach it. In other subjects he was about average. He was, however, the finest horseman at the academy. Quiet and shy, he made few friends(The Civil War). When he was commissioned, Ulysses was ordered to Jefferson Barracks, near St. Louis, Missouri. While stationed there he met Julia Dent, daughter of a slave owning Southern family(Ulysses S. Grant 2). Within three months he proposed to her and was accepted. Since he had only his pay as lieutenant, the wedding was postponed(Ulysses S. Grant 2). Grant was in almost every battle of the Mexican War. He fought on foot, observing many different commanders and how they lead their troops. This experience, he said, was of great value to him, because he became acquainted with nearly all the officers of the regular army. Some of them including the great soldier Robert E. Lee were to be on the Confederate side in the Civil War(Krick 15). Grant came back from Mexico a captain, with favorable mention. He at once married Julia and took her to his new station, Sackett's Harbor, New York. During the Mexican War Grant formed the habit of drinking. At Sackett's Harbor he joined a temperance society, but he forgot the pledge the next year when he was sent to Detroit(Ulysses S. Grant 1). In 1852 Grant?s regiment was ordered to the Pacific coast by way of the Isthmus of Panama. Mrs. Grant stayed with her parents because she didn?t want to take their two year old child on a trip like that. Cholera attacked the regiment in Panama. Grant showed great leadership and resourcefulness in getting the mules to carry the delirious men across the isthmus(Krick 16). He kept his cool and showed how he could lead men when times got rough. Grant spent two years on the Pacific coast. He missed Julia and wasn?t there when his second child was born. He turned again to drink and wore slovenly uniforms. His colonel asked for his resignation, and Grant borrowed money to return home(Ulysses S. Grant2). Julia?s father gave Grant 80 acres to farm, near St. Louis. Grant called the place Hardscrabble(Ulysses S. Grant2). He cleared the land, built a log cabin, and worked hard but could not make farming pay. Two more children were born and Grant couldn?t support his family. Grant sold his stock and implements and turned to selling real estate in St. Louis. He failed again and walked the streets looking for something to do. Finally his father persuaded his younger sons to take Grant into their leather business at

How to Make a Rainbow Rose (and How It Works)

How to Make a Rainbow Rose (and How It Works) Have you seen a rainbow rose? Its a real rose, grown to produce petals in rainbow colors. The colors are so vivid, you may think pictures of the roses are digitally enhanced, but the flowers really are that bright! So, you may be wondering how the colors are made and whether the rose bushes that produce these flowers always bloom in vibrant colors. Heres how it works and how you can make a rainbow rose yourself. How Real Rainbow Roses Work The rainbow rose was developed by  Peter van de Werken, the owner of a Dutch flower company. While special roses are used, the plants are not bred to produce the rich colors. Actually, the rose bush would ordinarily produce white roses, but the stems of the flowers are injected over time with dyes so that petals form in bright single colors. If the flower isnt treated as it is growing, the blooms are white, not ​rainbow. While the rainbow is a special version of the technique, other color patterns are also possible. Its not a science trick you can achieve quite so well with your home rose bush, at least not without a lot of experimentation and expense, because most pigment molecules are either too large to migrate into the petals or else too toxic for the rose to flower. Special proprietary organic dyes said to be made from plant extracts are used to color the roses. Making Rainbow Roses at Home While you cant duplicate the exact effect, you can get a lighter version of a rainbow using a white rose and food coloring.  The rainbow effect is much easier to achieve with white or light-colored flowers that arent as woody as a rose. Good examples to try at home include carnations and daisies. If it has to be a rose, you can do the same project, but expect it to take longer. Start with a white rose. Its best if it is a rosebud because the effect relies on capillary action, transpiration, and diffusion in the flower, which takes some time.Trim the stem of the rose so that it is not extremely long. It takes more time for color to travel up a longer stem.Carefully split the base of the stem into three sections. Make the cuts lengthwise up the stem 1-3 inches. Why three sections? The cut stem is fragile and likely to break if you cut it into more parts. You can use color science to achieve the full rainbow using three colors - red, blue, yellow or yellow, cyan, magenta - depending what dyes you have available.Carefully bend the cut sections slightly away from each other. Now, one way to apply the dyes would be to bend the stems into three contains (e.g., shot glasses), each containing a single color of dye and a bit of water, but this is hard to accomplish without breaking the stems. An easier method is to use 3 small plastic baggies, 3 rubber bands, and o ne tall glass to hold the flower upright. Into each bag, add a small amount of water and several (10-20) drops of one color of dye. Ease a section of the stem into the bag so that it is immersed in the dyed water, and secure the bag around the stem with a rubber band. Repeat the process with the other two bags and colors. Stand the flower in a glass. Check to make sure each stem section is immersed in the liquid since the flower needs water to live.You may start to see color in the petals as quickly as half an hour, but expect to let the rose soak up dye overnight or possibly for a couple of days. The petals will be the three colors, plus the mixed colors, for petals receiving water from two parts of the stem at once. This way, youll get the whole rainbow.Once the flower is colored, you can trim off the cut section of stem and keep it in fresh water or a homemade flower food solution. Helpful Tips Flowers take up warm water more quickly than cold water.Keep the rose away from light and heat, since these can cause it to wilt and die too quickly.If you want to try injecting flowers with natural colors, learn about natural pigments you can use.

How did Slavery become a powerful Institution in America Essay

How did Slavery become a powerful Institution in America - Essay Example The trade developed rapidly in the country owing to the agrarian revolution that increased the demand for labor in the country as the discussion below portrays. The agrarian revolution refers to a time in the history of the world when agriculture was a key economic activity. Industries in different parts of Europe required raw products such as cotton and sugar cane among others. This led to the spread of colonization especially of the United States a country that presented viable potential for the development of agriculture. When the British colonized the United States, they fostered the growth and spread of the agrarian revolution into the United States as they engaged in extensive agricultural activities. Large tracts of land in both the north and the south of the country exhibited conducive climatic features that would sustain agriculture (David and Steven 290). Despite the existence of large tracts of land, the British required labor to facilitate the growth of agriculture in the country. Slaves were the only cost effective source of labor. As such, the British colonizers instigated slave trade. They coordinated with merchants in different parts of Africa who raided communities and kidnapped the unorganized Africans forcefully before shipping them to the United States among other European countries. The African slaves were cheap and therefore offered an affordable source of labor to enhance the agricultural production. In the United States, slave trade grew to become an important trade and a powerful institution in the country. The colonial government of the United States developed effective infrastructure to enhance the development of the trade in the country to become a powerful institution in the country. The structures persisted even after the country’s independence especially in the form of internal slave trading within the cou ntry. Among the key factors that enhanced the growth of slave trade in the country was the need for labor,

Analyze a Political Cartoon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analyze a Political Cartoon - Essay Example Ultimately, the power of the cartoon cannot be found within any single component of its message but rather with the entire combination of symbolism, labeling, and exaggeration that it presents. Finally, the analysis will seek to answer the question of whether or not the portrayal of the cartoon is effective in persuading the viewer and/or audience to think or view a situation in a given context or manner. The first aspect of the cartoon that grips the viewer’s attention is the clear use of symbolism and labeling that the cartoonist has employed to denote the Christian, Muslim, and members of the SCAF that are represented. This labeling simplifies the issue and allows the participants within the cartoon to be reduced and simplified to a mere 3 active entities. By utilizing the Christian cross, the Muslim crescent and the insignia and uniforms of the SCAF, the reader is made aware of what each participant within the cartoon represents and symbolizes. ... This level of purity is further symbolized by the fact that the Christian and Muslim man (representing the broader populations of both of these entities within Egypt) are clothed in white. Naturally, exaggeration is also employed in a massively effective means as the SCAF is denoted to be an insidious and corrupting influence that displays the same generic and shameful behavior under the guise of its constitutionally given power. This exaggeration is the strength behind the entire cartoon. Although the Christian and the Muslim occupy center stage within the confines of this political cartoon, it is the corrupting influence of the SCAF that provides the power behind the image that is typified. Yet, rather than making a blanket statement regarding the ultimate goodness or evil that is exhibited by the SCAH, the cartoon seeks to strike at the core of the problems that are exhibited within Egypt; namely a power structure that is able to take advantage of natural and key fault lines that exist within the political spectrum; thereby allowing the members of the government and the SCAH to behave in a manner that they would not do otherwise. In short, the increase in division serves the purposes that they strive to accomplish (Lawate 2). Ultimately, the reader and/or researcher can understand that the given political cartoon is not only effective in communicating an understanding of the present day situation within Egypt and/or the Arab world, it is extraordinarily effective in such a task. Although this is not always the case for a political cartoon, this particular cartoon is one which allows its underlying simplicity and the vocal and omnipresent nature of its participants to speak to its underlying truth. Due to the fact that almost all

Ethics and Business Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethics and Business - Research Paper Example One field in which ethics are applied is in the field of business spanning from accounting to auditing. Ethics and professionalism are currently applied in various organizational settings and in many emerging issues of the business world. It is necessary for businesses to be governed by ethics, but this is a two way traffic affair since accounting and auditing standards also impact on ethics. Apart from these two business tenets, emerging issues and the business environment also have an effect on the ethics of business operations (Houghton, 2005). Business ethics refers to the moral rules and codes of conduct that govern business procedures. These rules also govern the manner in which business managers make decisions concerning organizational matters. Ethics and regulations in the business are related because ethics govern the manner in which business regulations are done. Therefore, regulations in business impact on ethics because when establishing business ethics of a particular company, the management puts into consideration the regulations that may arise in the course of business procedures. For example, the day to day running of the business enterprise requires that managers and supervisors regulate the functions of different workers and the manner in which the organization conducts business with other companies

Strategic Management And Leadership Semco Case Study Business Essay

Strategic Management And Leadership Semco Case Study Business Essay Executive Summary: The purpose of this report is to identify the leadership and management styles adopted by Ricardo Semler and their impact on the strategic choices of Semco. This report will also explore various management and leadership theories and the resultant effect on organisational and leadership strategy. Introduction: The report intends to take a holistic view of the management and leadership styles and theories and their impacts on organizational leadership and strategy in the backdrop of Semco. Continuing further, the report will assess and evaluate the leadership requirements of Semco and formulate a suitable leadership development plan. A brief look into the evolution of Ricardo Semlers Semco is necessary to understand the organization. Semco, despite challenging the traditional style of corporate management, has continued to grow by leaps and bounds ever since the legendary Ricardo Semler took charge. The organization that was thought to have adopted a management style often termed as a recipe for disaster has been a champion of change with profits growing consistently. Semco had a manifold increase in profitability, growth and productivity, which is remarkable considering the many years of economic melt-down and the volatile political scenario it was operating in. Such an accomplishment requires full faith in employees and a commitment from the top management, but it was not always so. This progress was gradual and methodical as will be demonstrated in the following sections. 1: Leadership styles adopted by Mr. Semler and impact on strategy Ricardo Semmler The authoritarian: When Ricardo Semmler joined his fathers company in 1979, the company was involved in manufacturing equipment for the shipping industry. The revenues were shrinking and despite Semmlers insistence to diversify into other businesses, the management stuck to the same industry. When Mr. Semmler was made in charge in 1980, his first action was to fire 60% of the top management which opposed his radical ideas. An autocratic style of leadership, as theorized by Kurt Lewin, is evident from many actions taken by Semmler. This was combined with a traditional management style which involved following a strict policies and procedures framework for almost every task. Reports and manuals were a norm. The focus was on productivity and achievement of goals. The management performed the traditional roles, as described by Henry Fayol in his theory of 5 functions of management, namely; planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling the organization. This management style suited well to the fairly authoritarian style of leadership of Ricardo Semmler who held the power to decide for the organisation. Impact on strategy He changed the strategy of the organization, shifting the focus from shipping industry only to diversification into various industries. His vision was to reduce reliance on one industry only and expand into different businesses. This meant that the achievement of tasks were the focal point of the strategy while the employees felt stressed and de-motivated. Innovation seemed non-existent and steadily the staff turnover began to rise. Stress took its toll on Ricardo Semmler himself and his health condition became worse. This was the time for a change. The Change: Source: http://www.shkaminski.com/Classes/images/Managerial%20Grid.gif The management grid by Blake and Mouton perfectly describes the styles of management adopted by Semco. Initially, Semco was located in the bottom right section aiming for high production with low concern for people but gradually the shift towards Team management whereby the organization is divided into small teams operating fairly independently of others but in a coordinated way with high productivity while keeping employees motivated and satisfied. Ricardo Semmler The Democrat: This was when he turned the tables around, making the change by involving the employees in almost every decision made in the company. The change was not a drastic one, it was gradual yet steady. Ricardo Semmler had realized that employees involvement in the decisions related to the organization was essential. They must be well aware of what the organization wants to achieve. Employees should give in their 100% regardless of the skills set they possess. For these reasons, Semmler transformed himself and adopted a leadership style that was identical to Kurt Lewins participative style of leadership. Reforms such as removing the formal line of authority, discarding the organization chart, letting employees set their salaries, select work hours that suit them and even choose their managers and spiraling the organisition into one where there are no cabins and where employees are involved in all major decisions made by the organization are all evidences of the change in management style by Ricardo Semmler. Impact on strategy These actions have brought about a change in the overall strategy of the organization. The employees are aligned with the strategic objectives of the organization. The organization now operates with a strategy that promotes culture of overall openness sharing ideas and providing feedback. The strategy of Semco is now to involve employees in the organizations benefits through its unique profit-sharing scheme, motivating them to work for the growth of the company they can call their own. The organizations structure has been re-defined, moving from hierarchical to business unit approach with teams at the core. Teams mutually decide upon what needs to be done and who will be responsible for what tasks. For this to be achieved multi-tasking is pivotal and most employees are adept at majority of the tasks performed within the unit. This promotes ideas of self-governance and self-management and incorporates responsibility among employees into the overall strategy of the organization. The f ocus has shifted from being task oriented to more people oriented with high importance given to productivity. 2: Link between management and leadership theories 2.1 Leadership and Strategic Management: Leadership and management are two distinct systems that must co-exist in any organization. Managers tend to have a short-term orientation and usually solve problems as they appear. Leaders on the other hand are more forward looking and make decisions that suit the long term interests of the organization. Leadership and management both shape up the organization. While leaders decide on the direction of the organization, provide the resources and set the frame, managers ensure that the objectives are achieved within the allocated resources. Theoretically, managers and leaders are considered to be separate. However, managers will not be working alone and will be managing a team of individuals for achieving the targets set for them. This will require a degree of leadership skills too as this would call for influencing the actions and thoughts of other people. Henry Fayols 5 Functions of Management (1916) http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Leadership-Management/48673 Henry Fayol devised a theory which suggested that management is essentially a combination of stepped activities, namely; Planning: Plans are made, budgets are decided, limitations are taken into account and parameters of operations are established. This role is commonly shared by both the leader and the manager. A leader would usually be planning for the longer-term while the managers viewpoint is fairly shorter and focuses on immediate targets. Organizing: The second phase invariably includes the allocation of resources that would be consumed for achievement of objectives. Decisions about financial capital, human capital and the structure to be followed for attaining success are taken. Commanding: This ensues deriving the optimum out of the resources. Managers communicate clearly what is expected from the employees and lead by example. Coordinating: Teams will be striving for their individual targets and a balance needs to be maintained among all activities. Harmonization of activities is vital and so is management of conflicting interests. Leaders would take the driving seat. Controlling: Sizing up the benefits of activities is important. Controlling is measuring performance to be able to plan for the future. Leaders would again be looking at the long-term implications of the actions performed and decide on the future strategy. Managers on the other hand will be more concerned with what needs to be repeated and what is to be avoided. To sum it up, Henry Fayol proposed a management theory which describes the functions of management but in effect, it also categorizes the traditional role performed by the leaders as well. Peter Druckers 5 Management Processes (1954) http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Leadership-Management/48673 Peter Drucker, a renowned management theorist had a similar viewpoint of the process of management. According to him, management plays a predefined role in any context. These are: Objective Setting: Leaders provide the vision of the organization as a whole and managers, for their part, set the direction of their individual units. Motivation: Employees need to be motivated if managers want to extract their full potential. Leaders and managers have a variety of motivational tactics to use. Some could be financial incentives, while others are more humanistic in nature. Task Organisation: A manager needs to organize the task and organize the activities for the smooth operations leading to realization of objectives. Measurement: Performance needs to be measured in order to identify any divergences from the required performance and to find ways to fill any gaps in the desired and actual performance. Training and Coaching: Managers and leaders must develop their sub-ordinates. Managers and leaders have to train and coach their sub-ordinates in order for them to perform to the required level. Transactional Management and Transformational Leadership The transactional and transformational theories are another way of describing the inter-relationship and distinction between managers and leaders. According to this theory, managers are more involved with day to day activities of the organization while leaders are concerned with the strategic vision. Managers follow the set principles while leaders challenge the status quo. Leaders are more concerned with bringing about the change in the culture while managers implant that change in the organization. The primary role of a leader is to set the direction while managers ensure the organization is kept on track. Mckinseys 7S Framework http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newSTR_91.htm Source: http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newSTR_91.htm The model suggests that any organization has 7 building blocks. The blocks are categorized as: Soft Elements: Shared Values, Skills, Style Staff Hard Elements: Structure, Systems and Strategy The model places highest importance to the shared values placed in the middle. It re-iterates the fact that all other elements are derived from the vision for what the organization wants to achieve. The Hard elements are determined by the leadership style chosen while the soft elements are drawn from management. Leaders would; evaluate what set of skills are possessed by the employees and what should to be developed select the staff taking into consideration their abilities and the needs of the organization; and Decide upon The style in which the organization is taken forward. The style of leadership would depend on circumstances Managers on the other hand; Shape the structure of the organization using tools such as reporting lines, organization charts etc Develop a plan, allocate resources and decide the course of action. In short, devise a strategy Craft the policies and procedures and standards on how tasks are performed. Leadership style may have profound impact on the strategy of an organization. A transformational style of leadership may stir up the enterprise, motivate and spur action. Such a leader provides an insight into the future, takes the initiative, inspires followers, involves stakeholders, improvises, thoughtful about individuals and implements successfully. This form of leadership would lead to an overhaul of the way the organization operates. A transactional leader on the other hand would have a strategy of maintaining the status quo and keep the current operations. Add Emotional Intelligence 3: Utilize appropriate techniques to review Semco leadership requirements 3.1: Use appropriate methods to review current leadership requirements In order to completely understand the requirements of leadership, it is necessary to understand the environment Semco is operates in, the phase the Semco itself is going through, what pressures are exerted from an industry sector, what its structure is and what the strategic direction it has assumed by the corporate parent. Semco strives to develop a competitive advantage. This is achived by looking at four factors according to Porters Diamond. These are: Firm strategy, structure and rivalry: strategy is what the organization wants to achieve. Structure of the enterprise should be developed to support the strategy and rivalry serves as motivation. Demand Conditions: portrays the demand of products and services. Factor conditions would be developed according to these demand conditions Related and supporting industries: an industry cannot survive without its associated industries. Semmler saw this when the shipping industry was shaking and Semco was badly hit. Factor conditions: The resources of the nation are the factor conditions. Education, mineral resources, capital goods all account for here. What we already possess and what needs to be developed. STEEPLE: Semco is primarily involved in production of heavy industrial equipment and development of intelligent systems however, it also holds stakes in an investment company and energy sector.A STEEPLE analysis is used to understand the environment that Semco operates in. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/br.html Social factors: Semco has shown high concern for social factors. It pays its staff good salaries and keeps them motivated. Semcos policy is to maintain a work/life balance evidenced by initiatives such as Retire a little bit allowing employees to do what they want. Technlogical factors: Technoloical advancement is the need of time and organizations need to identify and discover new technologies to improve efficiency and effectiveness. Economic: Semco operates in the fastest growing South American economy. It is among the emerging economies that have shown revival signs. Growth is expected to be 5% in 2010 as per the Central Bank. GDP composition by sector is: Agriculture:Â  6.1% Industry:Â  25.4% Services:Â  68.5% (2009 est.) Environmental: Brazil is the 7th largest oil consumer in the world and 10th largest when it comes to electricity. This is largely because major part of economy is related to industry. This poses a threat to environment. http://www.semco.com.br/en/content.asp?content=2contentID=548 Political: Semco operates in a political environment where, in the past, the government has often changed monetary, fiscal, taxation and other policies to influence the course of Brazils economy. Such actions are beyond control and Semco cannot predict what measures or policies the Brazilian government may take to influence the economy. Legal: The legal structure in Brazil is one that welcomes foreign investment. There are no requirements for government approvals or minimum investments. http://www.lexmundi.com/images/lexmundi/PDF/guide_brazil.pdf Ethical: Ethics is a major issue of concern in Brazil. It ranked among the 15 most corrupt countries in the world. There have been cases of corruption in the public sector. http://www.brazzil.com/cvrmar97.htm STEEPLE provides an insight into the macro environment Semco operates in. It is also important to understand the phase that Semco is going through as an individual organization. The organization has taken a strategy of diversification by entering new markets and developing new products. This has been done by revolutionizing the current practices, regular reinvention and constant renewal. Semco operates in a complex environment although the environment provides plenty of opportunities that might match its strengths. Semco needs to adopt a strategy of global companionship and to partner with international, well-reputed organizations to achieve economies, compete effectively and lead the market. It has to build strong bonding between the sister concerns and develop strong networks within the group and with parties external to the group. It needs a leadership that promotes mergers, acquisitions and alliances in order to continue its long run of success. 3.2: Plan development of leadership according to future needs: Semco needs to develop leadership that has the ability to foresee the future requirements and have a strong sense of responsibility. Semco needs to make use of the corporate parent theory to productively apply the concept of diversification through mergers and acquisitions. Strong communication skills are an essential attribute that must be developed to avoid ambiguities. The leader must be able to network well with inter-related parties and command respect so that others may give to heed his ideas. The leader should have the strength to accept his mistakes and the humility to give credit where it is due. Semcos culture is the core competency that it has developed over the years. Its competitors have been unsuccessful at adopting the culture, either because of lack of resources or lack of conviction. 4: Produce a future leadership plan for Semco

Using Wikis in Education Essay -- Education

The diffusion of online tools in education is increasing exponentially. Sener (2010) cites an increase of online class enrollees from 1.6 million in 2002 to 5.6 million in 2009. Moloney and Oakley (2010) predict an annual increase of 20% over the next few years of participants in online education. In order to meet the needs of a changing student population, educators must be aware of the myriad of tools available to enhance learning. This paper presents the use of wikis in education and evaluates the wiki’s effectiveness according to Chickering and Gamson’s Seven Principles of Good Practice (as cited in Hoskins, 2010). Introduction to Wikis The wiki is a browser based editing program which allows multiple users to contribute and edit text. It includes editing tools similar to a word processor that allow the user to control text size and color, make the text bold or italicized, and enter web links and pictures. Changes are tracked by the software and successive edits can be monitored or even rolled back to a previous version. The program allows email notification of changes made as chosen by the user in the settings of their account (Cunningham, 2002; Crocker, Hutchings, Nussey, Park, & Springate, 2010). In education, wikis are useful in that they allow open editing of a document. If one student sees an error, they can simply change the text. Crocker et al. (2010) mention limited knowledge of wikis by graduate students, but point out that interaction on the wiki creates dialogue between students which enhances their learning. The activity on the wiki is useful to educators because it promotes contact and cooperation between students, encourages active learning, and ensures prompt feedback from other users. The col... ...igher education: exploring barriers to successful implementation. Interactive Learning Environments, 18(3), 219-231. Kardong-Edgren, S., Ha, Y., Hallmark, E., Hurd, D., Oermann, M., Snelson, C., & Tennant, M. (2009).Using a wiki in nursing education and research. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship 6(1), 1-10. Doi: 10.2202/1548-923X.1787 Kleine-Staarman, J., & Pifarre, M. (2011). Wiki-supported collaborative learning in primary education: How a dialogic space is created for thinking together. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 6, 187-205. Moloney, J. F., & Oakley, B.,II. (2010). Scaling online education: Increasing access to higher education. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 14, 55-70. Sener, J. (2010). Why online education will attain full scale. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 14, 3-16.

Compare and Contrast 1984-Brave New World Essay

â€Å" Do you see, then, what kind of world we are creating? † (Orwell, 1950 p. 267)George Orwell, author of 1984 released in 1950, present the idea of a society that proves to be a dystopia as it is completely based on fear and rarely does one see happiness while in the other hand, Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World presents the idea of a functional utopia were feelings are destroyed and no one is unhappy because they don’t know happiness but all this could change by the hands of one outcast. These two societies ruled in different ways-one through fear and the other through psychological and physical manipulation- present successful ways to maintain order and power, although they differ greatly and outcasts have different aims and uses. In a society where fear is predominant, physical and mental capacities reach a stagnant state as the will to survive and loyalty become predominant. In a different society where men are created to the liking of their rulers and are controlled with drugs instead of fear, the meaning of a utopia can disappear but yet subjects will think everything is perfect. Finally a sense of false equality, manipulation, and fear allow total and utter control. In societies like the ones depicted in these two books, nothing is perfect and nothing is true. Members of these communities cannot know what is true because this will make them become dangerous to their leaders. The use of fear in 1984 and the idea of Big Brother facilite control as the idea of constant surveillance and Thought Police puts everything a member of this society does to the test and when they make a false move, they know they are done for. The scene where Winston talks about two plus two not being for or if Gravity is a force that works really depicts the kind of fear installed by the party. â€Å"The heresy of heresies was common sense. And what was terrifying was not only that they would kill you for thinking otherwise, but that they might be right. For, after all, how do we know that two and two make four? Or that the force of gravity works? † (Orwell, 1950 p. 80). As explained by the quote, doubting whatever the party said could end up in negative ramifications. It is incredible how people can adjust to these changes. Things that seem so simple be questioned and believed, which is even worse. The mutability of the party’s adherents is astonishing as they change whenever the part needs them to follow the most ridiculous ideas as if they were normal and all of this is achieved through fear. Winston also mentions the fact that your mind can fail you. â€Å"The most deadly danger of all was talking in your sleep. There was no way of guarding against that, so far as he could see. † (Orwell, 1950 p. 64). Even thinking erroneously about the parties flaws and going against their ideas can be lethal as sleep talking cannot be controlled and can always be heard. The third example of fear and its installment in Winston’s mind is when he receives the letter from Julia. â€Å"One, much the more likely, was that the girl was an agent of the Thought Police (†¦) the thing that was written on the paper might be a threat, a summon, an order to commit suicide, a trap of some description. (Orwell, 1950 p. 106). This displays how fear can make something normal seem completely hazardous and how reliance on others can be purged as you do not know what to expect from anyone. Even though people may be unhappy, this demonstrates to be successful as no one goes against the status quo. In contrast to 1984, Brave New World doesn’t need fear since if they want change, they create new beings to change or just bring out soma but still, control is maintained. Physical and psychological manipulation gives a sense of order even though it is non-existent, and drug use maintains a false control that seems alright to everyone inside that sphere however, when someone notices this false control, he will become a problem. In Huxley’s Brave New World, which is supposed to be a Utopia, equality is not present and this is what a utopia is supposed to be about. Within the social classes, the top ones still think of the lower ones as useless and basically inferior. Lenina demonstrates this through the following quote. â€Å"What a hideous colour khaki is,† remarked Lenina, voicing the hypnopaedic prejudices of her caste. † (Huxley, 1946, p. 42). This quote demonstrates that even messages coming from the government promote separatist ideas and at the same time they promote equality. Drug use and psychological manipulation allows this to maintain epsilons happy with how they are, also maintaining absolute control over society. Hypnopaedia as seen before, doesn’t always promote the values of a Utopia as it should. Another hypnopaedic message demonstrating this is â€Å"Every one works for everyone else. We can’t do without any one. Even Epsilons are useful. We couldn’t do without Epsilons. Every one works for everyone else. We can’t do without anyone. † (Huxley, 1946, p. 50). The use of Soma is a very important factor as it is a way of escaping the reality of a supposed utopia that in reality is everything but a utopia. â€Å"Why you don’t take soma when you have these dreadful ideas of yours. You’d forget all about them. And instead of feeling miserable, you’d be jolly. So jolly,† she repeated and smiled (†¦)† (Huxley, 1946, p. 62). It is very important to realize how this method of control still proves to be successful and allows organization for the government to preserve. Whether it’s installing fear, secret organizations, and complete surveillance or actually creating subjects, it is evident that both methods are thriving as they sustain order and undemanding management of society. Winston, who was the soul and heart of change in 1984 , ended up failing and the idea, person, or whatever Big Brother is, who he hated the most actually ended up taking over him and it is mentioned in the novel. He won the victory over himself. He loved Big Brother. † (Orwell, 1950 p. 268) The only man who was capable of causing change and denouncing the artificiality his government was based on. Fear has now proved to be a functioning method of control. In comparison to Brave New World, the outsider and only man capable of making others realize the lie they lived in ended up killing himself. â€Å"Slowly, very slowly, like two unhurried compass needles, the feet turned towards the right; north, north-east, east, south-east, south, south-south- west; then paused, and, after a few seconds, turned as unhurriedly back towards the left. South-south-west, south, south-east, east.. † (Huxley, 1946 p. 176) This also verifies the effectiveness of this method and according to this, both men failed to change the status quo. By the end of both novels, no change was made and both fear and manipulation proved to be effective ways of maintaining control. As the predominance of both fear and manipulation grow, methods of changing society and its governance method become scarce and even those who go to extremes find themselves with unfeasible situations where physical and mental capacity will be pushed to new limits but yet, not enough to revolutionize their societies. This is mainly due to most of those who have been subjected and accepted the reality in which they live in, which is what both Winston and John go through but their ways to accept it, were vastly different. Even though there are some with strong minds and others who have not been toyed with, it will never be enough to fight fear nor manipulation of the human being.

Religion and Morality Essay

In this paper I will discuss the relationship between religion and morality. I will first address the question asked by those with religion, how are atheists moral? Then I will examine morality and its relativity to culture. Next I will explore whether those without a religion are actually more moral than those with a religion. And finally, I will discuss any possible objections to my claims. This argument is in no way saying that those that believe in God are unmoral but that those who don’t believe in God, are just as capable of being moral. Being atheist means that you choose to believe that God, or a god, does not exist. You have no faith or religion, you don’t go to church every Sunday morning, or pray every night before you go to bed. Therefore the belief is that you’re condemned to spend the rest of eternity in hell. So just because a person doesn’t believe in a God, does that make them a bad person? A common question of those with religion is, where do atheists get their moral compass from? Atheists aren’t taught by any type of ultimate superior that they can’t lie, cheat, steal, rape, or murder. So how do they know not to do it? The underlying message I interpret from this is: religion is what keeps everybody in the world moral. That the only thing stopping you from murdering someone is reading a Bible (Marcotti, 2011). Just because you don’t have a bible does it mean that you want to go around blowing up buildings and terrorizing grocery stores. It’s safe to assume that most people want to do good in the world. There is the occasional serial killer every once in a while but, the bulk of the world’s population is promoting good that exists in all forms because everybody has a different idea of whats right from wrong. Some people make incredible scientific discoveries to better mankind, that’s considered good. Others might go to countries and help those less fortunate, also good. One might reply that these are just acts of morality. And that they still don’t define a moral person. But if you think about it, nobody’s born with a perfect moral compass. Nobody is born with morals. Not even those that are born into a religion. In our society, when we’re young and we tell a white lie, we learn the consequences. Some are told by their parents, who are told by the Bible, that it is wrong. Others learn that when you deceive people, it can have many effects. Through experience and questioning, do children acquire their sense of right and wrong. Which accompanies them throughout the rest of their lives. In Louise M. Antony’s Philosophers Without Gods, she says that, â€Å"All that is lost, if there is no God, is a divine enforcer. In a world without God, there is no guarantee that the virtuous will ever be rewarded, nor that the vicious will ever be punished. We must do what is right simply because it is right,† (Antony, 2007, pg. 51). Let’s look at morality and religion from a cultural standpoint. â€Å"When used in a descriptive sense [morality] refers to codes of conduct that are actually put forward and accepted by some society, group, or individual,† (Gert, 2012). If you think about it, there are over seven billion people spread out over seven continents in our world. The majority of those people have a religion and believe in a God. But, what about the people that aren’t even exposed to the idea of a God? Let’s say a rural, very secluded tribe in the habitable regions of northeast Asia. Just because they don’t have a religion, would that make them bad people? If they lead a simple life and didn’t steal, lie, commit adultery, or murder, why should they be branded as unmoral for something they have no control over. An excellent insight into Chinese culture and religion is portrayed in the book, The Good Earth by Pearl S. Buck. Even though this example is a fictional story, it’s based off of a real culture and the religious views of that culture in the late nineteenth century. The protagonist Wang Lung practices a religion with the Earth. When his crop is well and thriving he pays homage to the Earth God and when his crop is poor he resents the Earth God. At a point in the book, Wang Lung kills his newborn daughter because of her sex. During a time of famine, he steals gold coins from a wealthy family. And after he encounters money and prosperity, he spends his time in a tea house with a concubine instead of with his dying wife (Sparknotes Editors, 2012). But, in this story the main character does feel guilt for the things that he did. Knowing that it wasn’t right, and that it didn’t feel right to kill his newborn child, Wang Lung still did it and the act was perfectly acceptable according to their culture. When he stole the gold from the wealthy, he knew morally that it was wrong but, his family needed the money therefore his motivation was to provide for them. And when he purchased a concubine, Wang Lung was complying with the cultural norm of wealthy Chinese men. Whereas in our culture, and its predominant religion, the idea of adultery and lust is considered unmoral. It is even arguable that those without a religion are more genuinely moral. For example, the Christian religion. The whole belief is that you don’t sin and therefore are rewarded with eternal bliss. If you do sin then you will be forever damned. The motivation for all the good that they are guided to do is to have a better afterlife, selfish isn’t it? Well one who has no religion, has no belief in the afterlife. All the actions and choices that they make in this physical life are all they have. They live for today instead of living for tomorrow, metaphorically. When you do the right thing, like not lie, cheat, steal, then your life will reflect upon that. If you rape someone then our judicial system will lock you up in a concrete cell for a few decades and then you just wasted half of the only life you have. From this you could say that an Atheist has more to lose by not being moral. For this argument, well known atheists, Ricky Gervais said, â€Å"Forgiveness is probably the greatest virtue there is. But that’s exactly what it is - ­ a virtue. Not just a Christian virtue. No one owns being good. I’m good. I just don’t believe I’ll be rewarded for it in heaven. My reward is here and now. It’s knowing that I try to do the right thing. That I lived a good life,† (Gervais, 2010). A possible objection brought upon by these claims would be simply that God made morality and it’s not something we acquire. And for those that have faith in God, in all honesty why should they believe any differently? Their faith is what allows them to believe without having any need for reason, and that is extremely commendable. Many people aren’t capable of providing that much trust in the existence of a supernatural being. In this case, there are two sides to the story and it really does come down to which side you are on. Those that have a religion would say that their morality has come from the teachings of that religion. But, they wouldn’t know any otherwise. Even if they came to religion later in life, the bible provides written, physical guidance. An atheist would have a clean palette, not influenced by any ideas or direction. So the question of their morality is perfectly understandable. Its like saying if I had a candy bar, how could somebody else conjure that candy bar and experience the same sensation of it. In this paper, I explored a few concepts that argue the relationship between religion and morality. First by arguing where morality comes from, I said that it is something that we acquire through society. Next I said that morality is related to the religions amidst a culture. Last, I put forward that those without a religion are actually more moral than those with a religion. I Finished by providing objections and a point of view for those with a religion. The examples from literature that were used supported the claims made in the paragraphs. With these arguments, I believe that the relationship between religion and morality was effectively exposed. That it is not necessary for one to have a religion and be moral. References Antony, L. (2007). Philosophers Without Gods’ . Oxford University Press Gert, Bernard, â€Å"The Definition of Morality†, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2012 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed. ), URL = . Gervais, Ricky (2010) â€Å"Ricky Gervais: Why I’m an Atheist† The Wall Street Journal [Online] Available at: http://blogs. wsj. com/speakeasy/2010/12/19/a-holiday-message-from-ricky-gervais-why-im-an-atheist/ Marcotte, Amanda (2011) â€Å"10 Myths Many Religious People Hold About Atheists, Debunked† AlterNet [Online] Available at: http://www. alternet. org/story/152395/10_myths_many_religious_people_hold_about_atheists,_debunked SparkNotes Editors. (2003). SparkNote on The Good Earth. Retrieved October 25, 2012, from http://www. sparknotes. com/lit/goodearth/Ã'Ž